Bismuth is a gemstone mineral composed of the chemical element of the same name; it occurs naturally as a silvery white metallic form then oxidizes on the surface in contact with air and emits spectacular iridescent ranbow colors. Bismuth as a gemstone is a soft material and therefore requires care. The primary origin of bismuth is Saxony, Germany, while it is found in mines worldwide.
| Chemical Formula | Bi |
| Color | Silver white, rainbow, yellow, red, blue, green, multicolored, gray |
| Hardness | 2Â -Â 2.5 |
| Crystal System | Hexagonal |
| Refractive Index | 2.14Â |
| SG | 9.7 - 9.8 |
| Transparency | Opaque |
| Double Refraction | n/a |
| Luster | Metallic |
| Cleavage | 2,1 |
| Mineral Class | Bismuth |
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